Socio-Religious Reform Movements: General Features — UPSC Quiz
Answer all questions carefully. Each question has exactly one correct answer.
Faith, Reason, and Reform: The Common Threads of 19th Century Religious Movements•hard•12 questions•~12 min
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Question 01
hard
Consider the following statements about the Bengal Regulation of 1829 banning sati:
1. It was passed as Regulation XVII of the Bengal Code.
2. It was simultaneously applicable to Bengal, Madras and Bombay Presidencies from the same year.
3. It declared sati illegal and punishable by criminal courts as culpable homicide.
4. It was influenced primarily by the frontal attack launched by Raja Rammohan Roy.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 02
hard
Match the following social reform legislation with the PRIMARY reformer most associated with getting it enacted:
1. Hindu Widows' Remarriage Act, 1856 — P. B.M. Malabari
2. Age of Consent Act, 1891 — Q. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar
3. Sarda Act, 1930 — R. D.K. Karve
4. Abolition of Sati, 1829 — S. Raja Rammohan Roy
Choose the CORRECT matching:
Question 03
hard
Consider the following statements about the Sarda Act (1930) and Age of Consent Act (1891):
1. The Age of Consent Act (1891) fixed the minimum marriage age for girls at 14 years.
2. The Sarda Act (1930) raised the marriage age to 18 years for boys and 14 years for girls.
3. The Child Marriage Restraint (Amendment) Act, 1978 raised the age of marriage for girls to 18 years and for boys to 21 years.
4. The Age of Consent Act (1891) was primarily the result of the efforts of B.M. Malabari.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 04
hard
Which of the following correctly identifies the founding of the Bharat Stree Mahamandal and the All India Women's Conference (AIWC)?
Question 05
hard
Consider the following statements about Dr B.R. Ambedkar's campaigns against caste discrimination:
1. He founded the Bahishkrit Hitakarini Sabha in 1924, with the motto 'Educate, Agitate and Organise'.
2. He led the Mahad Satyagraha in March 1927 to assert the right of untouchables to draw water from the Chawdar tank.
3. He founded the All India Harijan Sangh in 1932.
4. He and his colleagues burnt the 'Manusmriti' in December 1927 at the same location as the Mahad Satyagraha.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 06
medium
Which of the following correctly pairs the slogan and the personality associated with the anti-caste movement in Kerala?
Question 07
hard
With reference to the ideological bases of the 19th-century socio-religious reform movements, consider the following statements:
1. Raja Rammohan Roy firmly believed in the principle of causality and demonstrability as the sole criterion of truth.
2. Akshay Kumar Dutt declared 'Rationalism is our only preceptor' and even used medical opinion to argue against child marriage.
3. Swami Vivekananda held that religion must justify itself by the same methods of investigation applied to science.
4. In the Aligarh Movement, Syed Ahmed Khan maintained that religious tenets were immutable and could not be reconciled with modern needs.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 08
medium
Which of the following correctly identifies the TWO STREAMS of 19th-century reform movements and provides an accurate example of each?
Question 09
medium
Consider the following statements about women's education milestones in 19th-century India:
1. The Calcutta Female Juvenile Society (1819) was the first institution set up for women's education, established by Christian missionaries.
2. The Bethune School (1849) was founded by J.E.D. Bethune, President of the Council of Education in Calcutta.
3. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar is associated with no less than 35 girls' schools in Bengal.
4. D.K. Karve founded the Indian Women's University in 1916 and himself married a widow in 1893.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 10
medium
The social base of the 19th-century reform movements in India was the emerging middle class. However, this class was distinctively different from the European middle class in that:
Question 11
hard
Consider the following pairs — (Reformer : Specific Contribution):
1. Vishnu Shastri Pandit : Founded the Widow Remarriage Association in the 1850s
2. Karsondas Mulji : Started 'Satya Prakash' in Gujarati in 1852 to advocate widow remarriage
3. Veerasalingam Pantulu : Promoted widow remarriage in Madras
4. Pandita Ramabai Saraswati : Founded the Ladies Social Conference (Bharat Mahila Parishad) in 1904
Which of the above pairs are CORRECTLY matched?
Question 12
medium
Which of the following correctly explains why social reform movements in 19th-century India necessarily had to engage with religion before they could tackle social ills?
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