Answer all questions carefully. Each question has exactly one correct answer.
hard•12 questions•~14 min
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Question 01
hard
Consider the following events in chronological sequence related to the outbreak of the Revolt of 1857:
1. Mangal Pande fires at the sergeant major at Barrackpore
2. 90 men of the 3rd Native Cavalry at Meerut refuse greased cartridges
3. 19th Native Infantry at Berhampore mutinies over the new Enfield rifle
4. General mutiny at Meerut; rebels march to Delhi
Which of the following is the CORRECT chronological order?
Question 02
hard
With reference to the leadership of the 1857 Revolt at Delhi, which of the following statements are CORRECT?
1. Bahadur Shah Zafar held the nominal and symbolic leadership.
2. General Bakht Khan, who had led the Bareilly troops to Delhi, held the real military command.
3. A court of twelve members — eight from the army and four from civil departments — conducted state affairs in the emperor's name.
4. Bahadur Shah's weak personality and old age were identified as the weakest link in the revolt's leadership.
Question 03
medium
Match the following leaders of the 1857 Revolt with their correct locations:
1. Khan Bahadur Khan — P. Bihar (Jagdishpur)
2. Kunwar Singh — Q. Bareilly (Rohilkhand)
3. Maulvi Ahmadullah — R. Jhansi
4. Rani Laxmibai — S. Faizabad
Choose the CORRECT matching:
Question 04
medium
Which of the following correctly describes Shah Mal's role in the Revolt of 1857?
Question 05
hard
Consider the following statements about the Revolt of 1857 and why it failed:
1. The eastern and southern parts of India remained more or less unaffected, partly because earlier uprisings there had already been brutally suppressed.
2. Big zamindars generally acted as 'break-waters to the storm', and even Awadh taluqdars backed off once promises of land restitution were offered.
3. The electric telegraph gave the British a significant strategic advantage in tracking rebel movements.
4. By one estimate, not more than one-half of the total area and not more than one-third of the total population was affected.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 06
hard
Match the following historians with their characterisation of the Revolt of 1857:
1. V.D. Savarkar — P. 'Neither first, nor national, nor a war of independence'
2. R.C. Majumdar — Q. 'First War of Indian Independence'
3. Stanley Wolpert — R. 'Struggle of the soldier-peasant democratic combine against foreign imperialism and indigenous landlordism'
4. Marxist historians — S. 'Far more than a mutiny, yet much less than a first war of independence'
Choose the CORRECT matching:
Question 07
hard
Consider the following statements about the aftermath and consequences of the Revolt of 1857:
1. The Act for the Better Government of India was passed by the British Parliament on August 2, 1858.
2. The Queen's Proclamation was announced by Lord Canning at a durbar in Calcutta on November 1, 1858.
3. It was through the Queen's Proclamation that the Governor-General acquired the additional title of Viceroy.
4. The Army Amalgamation Scheme of 1861 moved the Company's European troops to the service of the Crown.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 08
hard
With reference to the post-1857 Army Reorganisation by the British, consider the following:
1. The principle of 'division and counterpoise' was adopted — separate units on the basis of caste, community, and region.
2. Recruits were to be drawn from 'martial races' including Punjab, Nepal, and the north-western frontier.
3. All Indian artillery units without exception were made defunct.
4. No Indian was thought fit for a king's commission until the first decade of the twentieth century.
Which of the above are CORRECT?
Question 09
medium
Which of the following is the CORRECT description of the 'White Mutiny' that occurred after 1857?
Question 10
hard
Consider the following statements about the socio-religious causes of the Revolt of 1857:
1. The Religious Disabilities Act, 1856 declared that a change of religion did not debar a son from inheriting the property of his 'heathen' father.
2. The government's decision to tax mosque and temple lands was seen as an attack on religion.
3. Social reform measures like abolition of sati and support for widow remarriage were universally welcomed by all sections of Indian society.
4. Rumours about bone dust being mixed in flour and beef-and-pig fat in cartridge grease together inflamed both Hindu and Muslim sepoys.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 11
medium
S. Gopal's observation that the sepoy was a 'peasant in uniform' and that 'the Army voiced grievances other than its own' is best explained by which of the following?
Question 12
hard
Consider the following statements about the Hindu-Muslim unity during the Revolt of 1857:
1. All rebel leaders, both Hindu and Muslim, acknowledged Bahadur Shah Zafar as the Emperor.
2. Immediate banning of cow slaughter was ordered by rebels in areas where the revolt succeeded.
3. Nana Saheb had Azimullah, a Muslim expert in political propaganda, as his aide.
4. According to Maulana Azad, the two outstanding features of 1857 were Hindu-Muslim unity and deep loyalty to the British Crown among the people.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?