Answer all questions carefully. Each question has exactly one correct answer.
hard•12 questions•~18 min
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Question 01
hard
Consider the following statements about Buddhism and Jainism:
1. Both reject the authority of the Vedas.
2. Both reject the existence of soul (Atman).
3. Both believe in the doctrine of Karma.
4. Both emerged as Shramana movements parallel to Vedic religion.
Which of the above statements are CORRECT?
Question 02
hard
Which of the following correctly distinguishes the Digambara and Svetambara sects of Jainism?
(A) Digambaras follow all five constraints including Brahmacharya; Svetambaras follow only four.
(B) Digambaras believe women can be Tirthankaras; Svetambaras do not.
(C) Bhadrabahu stayed in Magadha while Sthulabhadra moved to Karnataka.
(D) Digambaras recognise five eternal substances; Svetambaras recognise six.
Question 03
hard
Consider the following statements about Buddhist schools:
1. Hinayana scholars used Sanskrit as their primary language.
2. Emperor Ashoka patronised the Mahayana sect.
3. The concept of Bodhisattva is associated with Mahayana Buddhism.
4. Theravada uses the Pali Canon as its doctrinal core.
Which of the above are CORRECT?
Question 04
hard
Consider the following pairs — Hindu reformer and their organisation:
1. Raja Rammohan Roy — Brahmo Samaj
2. Swami Dayanand Saraswati — Ramakrishna Mission
3. Swami Vivekananda — Arya Samaj
4. Keshabchandra Sen — Bharatiya Brahmo Samaj
Which of the above are CORRECTLY matched?
Question 05
hard
With reference to the Ajivika sect, which of the following statements is/are CORRECT?
1. The school was founded by Makkhali Gosala in the 5th century BC.
2. Ajivikas believed in absolute determinism (Niyati) and rejected the doctrine of Karma.
3. Ajivikas believed in the existence of soul (atman) in formless state.
4. Bindusara, the Mauryan king, was one of its followers.
Question 06
hard
Which of the following Bodhisattvas is CORRECTLY matched with its primary association?
(A) Avalokitesvara — Wisdom of Buddha; wields a sword
(B) Manjusri — Compassion; also known as Padmapani
(C) Vajrapani — Power of Buddha; manifests powers of five tathagatas
(D) Maitreya — Depicted as a Buddhist monk who vowed not to achieve Buddhahood till hell is emptied
Question 07
medium
Which of the following statements about Lingayatism is INCORRECT?
Question 08
hard
Consider the following statements about the Zoroastrian sacred text Zend Avesta:
1. It is written in Old Avestan language.
2. It consists of 17 sacred songs called Gathas.
3. The Yasna section deals with laws against demons.
4. The fire temples of Zoroastrians are called Atash Bahram and only eight exist in India.
Which of the above are CORRECT?
Question 09
hard
With reference to Sikhism, consider the following statements:
1. Guru Hargobind was the first Sikh Guru to gird two swords symbolising spiritual (piri) and temporal (miri) authority.
2. Guru Teg Bahadur was executed by Aurangzeb in 1675 in Delhi.
3. Guru Gobind Singh transferred guruship authority to the Guru Granth Sahib and Guru Panth.
4. The Khalsa was initiated by Guru Nanak.
Which of the above are CORRECT?
Question 10
medium
The practice of Sallekhana in Jainism is best described as:
Question 11
medium
With reference to the Shia-Sunni division in Islam, which of the following is CORRECT?
Question 12
medium
Which of the following correctly identifies the Navayana school of Buddhism?